As a child, sky has fascinated many and slowly when we grow up we come up pointing out different planets in the night sky or read and repeat them from our textbooks. You are given a score everytime you name them correctly. But he was burnt alive for doing the same…
Giordano Bruno, whose name has hardly been heard as many times as when the court ordered to put him in raging flames. Ironically, every exoplanet confirms not the cosmology of Kepler, but of Bruno, the Italian philosopher who learnt to decipher the sky with naked eye since telescope was just an idea then.

Bruno left his home town of Nola to travel to nearby Naples when he was 14 years old to study there. He attended lectures on humanities, logic and dialectics in Naples and it was at this time that he was influenced by one of his teachers towards Averroism. This was Christian philosophy based on an interpretation of Aristotle’s works through the Muslim philosopher Averroes. Its basic belief was that reason and philosophy are superior to faith and knowledge founded on faith.
The church was bound to the beliefs of Aristotle who remarked the planet where jesus was burnt was the centre of the universe and anyone who denied that was punished. Bruno escaped few times but then was sentenced to death for stating the following:
This entire globe, this star, not being subject to death, and dissolution and annihilation being impossible anywhere in Nature, from time to time renews itself by changing and altering all its parts. There is no absolute up or down, as Aristotle taught; no absolute position in space; but the position of a body is relative to that of other bodies. Everywhere there is incessant relative change in position throughout the universe, and the observer is always at the centre of things.
-Bruno
In January 1593 Bruno arrived in Rome and his trial began which was to drag on for seven years. Initially Bruno defended himself with the same arguments as he had used when tried by the Venetian Inquisition. The Romans, however, declared that his views on physics and cosmology were theological and demanded that he retract. Bruno answered quite honestly that he did not know what he was being asked to retract, trying to convince the Inquisition that his views were in accord with Christianity. Pope Clement VIII demanded that Bruno be sentenced as a heretic and the Inquisition passed the death sentence on him. On hearing the sentence he responded:-
Perhaps your fear in passing judgment on me is greater than mine in receiving it.
And thus he was burnt alive in CAMPO De FIORI on 17th February 1600.

Other insights amaze physicists today who can see ideas of quantum theory in Bruno’s writings. However, others feel that the inclusion of much which is magic into his works minimises the importance of those remarkable insights.
But indeed this was the start that provoked many to stand up for their truth as burno still left some burning sparks inside many minds.



